Gravity-Based Water Distribution Systems are low-tech, energy-free irrigation solutions that use the natural slope of the land to transport water from a higher elevation source (such as a reservoir, spring, or stream) to agricultural fields.
These systems eliminate the need for mechanical pumps and electricity, making them highly cost-effective and sustainable, especially in rural or mountainous regions. The water is channeled through pipes or canals and can be combined with drip or furrow irrigation to minimize water loss.
Gravity-fed systems are easy to maintain, highly adaptable to different scales, and resilient to power disruptions. They are widely used for both smallholder and community-level agriculture and have been integrated into watershed and climate resilience programs worldwide.