Solar-Powered Desalination Plants use renewable solar energy to operate desalination technologies, typically reverse osmosis or multi-effect distillation, to provide clean, potable water from seawater or brackish sources. These systems are ideal for off-grid or water-scarce coastal and arid regions where access to safe drinking water is limited.
The technology varies in scale, from small community-level installations to larger modular systems capable of serving remote towns. Solar energy is either used directly (solar thermal) or through photovoltaic-powered electric pumps.
Solar desalination offers a sustainable alternative to conventional, energy-intensive desalination plants, reducing greenhouse gas emissions while ensuring water security. It is widely adopted in inhumane settings, remote islands, and desert communities. Many systems include battery storage or hybrid backup to ensure operation in low-sunlight periods.